Sterilizing method and apparatus

ABSTRACT

Methods and apparatus for sterilization are presented. An exemplary embodiment includes a sterilizing cabinet assembly. The sterilizing cabinet includes a cabinet having an access port, a door connected to the cabinet, the door moveable between an open position permitting passage through the access port to an interior of the cabinet and a closed position precluding passage through the access port. The sterilizing cabinet assembly also includes at least one of the cabinet and the door having a vent port. The sterilizing cabinet has a primary filter overlying the vent port and forming a sealed interface with an adjacent portion of the one of the cabinet and the door and a secondary filter overlying at least a portion of the primary filter.

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT

None.

REFERENCE TO A “SEQUENCE LISTING”

None.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention relate to a method and apparatus for sterilization and more particularly to a method and apparatus for sterilization of instruments.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Sterilization is a term referring to any process that eliminates (removes) or kills microbial life, including transmissible agents (such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, or spore forms) present on a surface, contained in a fluid, in medication, or in a compound such as biological culture media. Sterilization can be achieved by applying heat, chemicals, irradiation, high pressure, and filtration or combinations thereof.

In general, surgical instruments and medications that enter an already aseptic part of the body (such as the bloodstream, or penetrating the skin) must be sterilized to a high sterility assurance level. Examples of such instruments include scalpels, hypodermic needles and implantable medical devices (IMD), such as artificial pacemakers.

A widely used method for heat sterilization is the autoclave, sometimes referred to as a converter. Autoclaves commonly use steam heated to 121-134° C. To achieve a degree of sterility, a holding time of at least 15 minutes at 121° C. at 100 kPA, or 3 minutes at 134° C. at 100 kPa is required. Additional sterilizing time is usually required for liquids and instruments packed in layers of cloth, as they may take longer to reach the required temperature.

One method of sterilization involves passing steam through a cabinet. For effective sterilization, steam needs to penetrate the cabinet load uniformly. Accordingly, the cabinet must not be overcrowded, and the lids of bottles and containers must be left ajar. During the initial heating of the chamber, residual air must be removed. Indicators should be placed in the most difficult places for the steam to reach to ensure that steam actually penetrates there.

Most sterilizing cabinets contain vents on the top of the cabinet for the purpose of releasing the sterilizing steam. A filter is typically placed over the vent to keep particles or extraneous materials from entering the cabinet before, during or after the sterilizing process. Once the sterilizing process is completed the filter needs to be removed and inspected by medical professionals to verify the integrity of the sterilizing process was maintained. If it is discovered during inspection that the filter did not remain intact, the sterilizing process has to be repeated with a new filter.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the foregoing, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for sterilization.

A first exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a sterilizing cabinet assembly. The sterilizing cabinet assembly includes a cabinet having an access port and a door connected to the cabinet, the door moveable between an open position permitting passage through the access port to an interior of the cabinet and a closed position precluding passage through the access port. This embodiment further includes at least one of the cabinet and the door having a vent port and a primary filter overlying the vent port and forming a sealed interface with an adjacent portion of the one of the cabinet and the door. This embodiment further includes a secondary filter overlying at least a portion of the primary filter. In this embodiment, the secondary filter forms an independent sealed interface with the sterilizing cabinet or the primary filter.

A second exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a method for placing filters. The method includes disposing a primary filter to occlude a vent port of a sterilizing cabinet forming a first sealed interface with the sterilizing cabinet. The method further includes forming a second sealed interface between a confirmatory filter and at least a portion of one of the sterilizing cabinet and the primary filter, a portion of the confirmatory filter overlying a portion of the primary filter. In this embodiment, the second sealed interface is independent of the first sealed interface.

A third exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a sterilizing assembly. The sterilizing assembly includes a sterilizing cabinet and a first tray and a second tray sized to be retained within the cabinet. The sterilizing assembly further includes at least one removable spacer intermediate the first tray and the second tray, the spacer being sterilizable and vertically separating the first tray and the second tray by a given height, the spacer inhibiting lateral displacement of the first tray relative to the second tray, wherein the given height is sufficient to permit a passage of a sufficient amount of a sterilizing agent between the first tray and the second tray for a predetermined time.

A fourth exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a method of loading a sterilizing cabinet. The method includes loading a sterilizable first pan and a sterilizable second pan within the sterilizing cabinet. The method further includes placing a removable and sterilizable spacer between the first pan and the second pan, the spacer (i) providing at least one of a predetermined vertical spacing between the first pan and the second pan and (ii) inhibiting horizontal displacement of the first pan relative to the second pan.

A fifth exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a method of sterilizing. The method includes loading a tray retaining a surgical instrument in a sterilization cabinet and sealing a primary filter relative to a vent port in the sterilization cabinet. The method further includes sealing a secondary filter relative to the vent port and independent of the sealed primary filter and passing a sterilizing agent through the secondary filter and the primary filter.

A sixth exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a sterilizable pan assembly. The sterilizable pan assembly includes a first sterilizable pan having an open top, a closed bottom and a pair of projecting spacer legs and a second sterilizable pan having an open top and closed bottom. The sterilizable pan assembly further includes the spacer legs configured to releasably engage a portion of the second pan and maintain a predetermined vertical spacing between the bottom of the first pan and the top of the second pan.

A seventh exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a filtering assembly. The filtering assembly including a primary filter holding portion for holding a primary filter for overlying a vent port and forming a sealed interface with a sterilizing cabinet. The filter assembly further includes a secondary filter holding portion for holding a secondary filter, moveably attached to the primary holding portion for overlying the primary filter holding portion and forming a sealed interface with the primary filter holding portion.

An eighth exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a method for verifying sterilization. The method includes performing a sterilization cycle in a sterilization device. The method further includes removing a secondary filter that is overlying a primary filter with a second sealed interface with the primary filter from the sterilizing device such that the primary filter maintains a sealed interface with a vent port of the sterilizing device and examining the secondary filter to verify the integrity of the sterilization cycle in the sterilizing device.

The following will describe embodiments of the present invention, but it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments and various modifications of the invention are possible without departing from the basic principle. The scope of the present invention is therefore to be determined solely by the appended claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING(S)

FIG. 1a is a front view of a configuration of a sterilizing cabinet suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 1b is a top view of a configuration of a sterilizing cabinet suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 1c is a side view of a configuration of a sterilizing cabinet suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 2a is a perspective view of an alternative configuration of a sterilizing cabinet suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 2b is a top view of an alternative configuration of a sterilizing cabinet suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 3a is a top view of a vent of a sterilizing cabinet suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 3b is a perspective view of a filter arrangement of a sterilizing cabinet for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the movement of a filter arrangement of a sterilizing cabinet for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 5a is a perspective view of an alternative configuration of a sterilizing cabinet suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 5b is a perspective view of bottom section of a filter arrangement of a sterilizing cabinet suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 5c is a perspective view of a middle section of a filter arrangement of a sterilizing cabinet suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 5d is a perspective view of top section of a filter arrangement of a sterilizing cabinet suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 6a is a perspective view of an alternative sterilizing cabinet suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 6b is a front view of an alternative filter arrangement of a sterilizing cabinet suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 6c is a front view of the top portion of an alternative filter arrangement of a sterilizing cabinet suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the separated elements of an alternative filter arrangement of a sterilizing cabinet suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 8a is a front view of a spacer suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 8b is a top view of a spacer suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 8c is a side view of a spacer suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 9a is a front view of an alternative spacer suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 9b is a top view of an alternative spacer suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 9c is a side view of an alternative spacer suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a sterilizing tray suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a sterilizing cabinet suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a pan assembly suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 13a is a perspective view of a filter suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 13b is a side view of a filter suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 14a is a perspective view of an alternative filter suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 14b is a side view of an alternative filter suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 15a is a perspective view of another filter suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

FIG. 15b is a side view of another filter suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In the medical field, it is of the utmost importance that medical instruments are sterilized prior to any medical procedure. This drastically helps prevent the spread of infectious materials. In the marketplace, there are a wide variety of devices that provide for sterilization of medical instruments through the use of a sterilizing agent, such as steam. Instrument trays can be wrapped in a cloth or paper that acts as a filter, allowing the tray to be sterilized, then delivered to the operating room. Alternatively, a rigid container can contain the instrument tray. Typically, the device (e.g., a rigid container) contains a vent for venting the steam used to sterilize the contents of the device. A disposable filter usually covers these vents. The filters have two major purposes. First, they prevent extraneous materials from entering the sterilizing device during and after the sterilization cycle. Second, they allow sterilizing steam to enter and exit the sterilizing device.

However, in order to check that the integrity of the sterilization cycle has been maintained a person (usually a medical technician) must verify that there are no holes or other types of rips in the filter. This is done by removing the filter from the sterilizing device and visually inspecting the filter. This creates an inherent time period wherein the sterilized instruments can be contaminated by extraneous materials that enter the sterilizing device through the now open and uncovered vents. An object of exemplary embodiments of this disclosure provide a solution to this problem.

Referring to FIG. 1a , is a front view of sterilizing cabinet 100. It should be noted that embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the particular configuration of sterilizing cabinet 100.

The term sterilizing cabinet 100 encompasses any device capable of sterilizing. The term also includes sterilizing cabinets for sterilizing medical instruments, surgical devices and the like.

Sterilizing cabinet 100 includes door or doors 102, vents 104, filter holder 106, primary filter 108, secondary filter 110, sterilizing cabinet frame 112 and legs 114. Door or doors 102 are able to open and close for access to the interior of sterilizing cabinet 100. Door or doors 102 are physically connected to sterilizing cabinet frame 112. Door or doors 102 can be attached through the use of a hinge or hinges which allows the doors to swing open. Alternatively, door or doors 102 can be removable from sterilizing cabinet 100 through the use of clamps (not shown in FIG. 1). It should be appreciated that exemplary embodiments of door or doors 102 include any mechanism that allows for door or doors 102 to move from an open position to a closed position to provide access to the interior of sterilizing cabinet 100.

Sterilizing cabinet 100 in this embodiment provides for four vents 104. However, it should be appreciated that exemplary embodiments of sterilizing cabinet 100 are not limited to four vents. Exemplary embodiments of sterilizing cabinet 100 can include one or more vents. Two vents 104 on the top of sterilizing cabinet 100 and two vents 104 on the bottom of sterilizing cabinet 100. Vents 104 provide numerous small openings for the passage of sterilizing steam. The small openings in vents 104 can be holes or slits. Alternatively, vents 104 can be fenestrated.

Primary filter 108 in conjunction with filter holder 106 covers vent 104. Primary filter 108 with filter holder 106 forms a seal with the adjacent portions of sterilizing cabinet 100 such that during the operation of a sterilizing cycle, any sterilizing steam that passes through the vent 104 must then pass through primary filter 108. Primary filter 108 can be made of a very thin paper. Exemplary embodiments provide that primary filter 108 can be made of any porous material that (1) allows for the passage of sterilizing steam from sterilizing cabinet 100 and (2) prevents extraneous materials from passing through primary filter 108 and entering vent 104. Primary filter 108 is removable from sterilizing cabinet 100 and is typically replaced with a new filter following each sterilizing cycle.

Secondary filter 110 resides on top of primary filter 108 in filter holder 106. Secondary filter 110 covers primary filter 108 and forms a seal with primary filter 108 through filter holder 106 such that any sterilizing steam that passes through the vent 104 must then pass through primary filter 108 and secondary filter 110. Secondary filter 110 can be made of a very thin paper. Secondary filter 110 can be made of any porous material that (1) allows for the passage of sterilizing steam from sterilizing cabinet 100 and primary filter 108 and (2) prevents extraneous materials from passing through secondary filter 108.

Exemplary embodiments of this disclosure provide for secondary filter 110 to form a sealed periphery with primary filter 108. In another exemplary embodiment the sealed interface between the primary filter 108 and the adjacent portion of either the sterilizing cabinet 100 is independent of an interface between secondary filter 110 and primary filter 108. One exemplary arrangement provides for primary filter 108 and secondary filter 110 to be coextensive. In another exemplary embodiment primary filter 108 and secondary filter 110 have different filter properties. For instance, primary filter 108 and secondary filter 110 may filter different elements of the sterilizing agent which exits sterilizing cabinet 100 during a sterilization cycle. In an alternative exemplary embodiment primary filter 108 and secondary filter 110 have similar filter properties. Another exemplary embodiment provides that primary filter 108 and secondary filter 110 are different colors.

Legs 114 reside on the bottom of sterilizing cabinet 100 and provide spacing between the surface which sterilizing cabinet 100 rests and the bottom primary filter 108, secondary filter 110 and filter holder 106.

FIG. 1b provides a top view of sterilizing cabinet 100 showing vent 104 covered by filter holder 106, primary filter 108, secondary filter 110, sterilizing cabinet frame 112 and hinge 116 of filter holder 106. Hinge 116 with filter holder 106 allows a portion of filter holder 106 to swing open about hinge 116 such that primary filter 108 and secondary filter 110 can be removed independent of one another. In other words, filter holder 106 allows for secondary filter 110 to be released and removed from filter holder 106 while simultaneously maintaining primary filter's 108 seal with sterilizing cabinet 100 over vent 104.

FIG. 1c shows a side view of sterilizing cabinet 100 including sterilizing cabinet frame 112, vent 104, primary filter 108, secondary filter 110, filter holder 106 and hinge 116.

In exemplary embodiments sterilizing cabinet 100 may include a steam exposure indicator on either the primary filter 108 or the secondary filter 110 which designates when steam from sterilizing cabinet 100 has passed through one of the filters. An example of one such steam exposure indicator is a tape that changes colors when exposed to steam.

FIG. 2a provides a perspective view of sterilizing cabinet 100 with two vents 104 on the top and two vents 104 on the bottom of sterilizing cabinet 100. FIG. 2a also includes primary filters 108 occluding vents 104 and secondary filters 110 overlaying primary filters 108 with primary filters 108 and secondary filters 110 each in filter holders 106.

FIG. 2b provides a top view of sterilizing cabinet 100 with an alternative exemplary embodiment of filter holder 106. Shown in FIG. 2b are two vents 104 occluded by primary filters 108 which are also covered by secondary filters 110. In this exemplary embodiment filter holders 106 do not have a swinging hinge which allows for the individual attachment and release of primary filters 108 and secondary filters 110. In this exemplary embodiment filter holders 106 allow for independently removing primary filter 108 and secondary filter 110 through the use of a sliding mechanism. Secondary filter 110 can be removed by sliding it out of filter holder 106 while maintaining primary filter's 108 seal with sterilizing cabinet 100 around vent 104.

In practice, an exemplary embodiment of a process of placing primary filter 108 and secondary filter 110 includes disposing primary filter 108 to occlude a vent 104 of sterilizing cabinet 100 and forming a first sealed interface with the sterilizing cabinet 100. The process continues by forming a second sealed interface between secondary filter 110 (or confirmatory filter) and at least a portion of one of sterilizing cabinet 100 and primary filter 108, a portion of the secondary filter 110 overlying a portion of the primary filter 108. The process can continue by passing a sterilizing agent (typically steam) through primary filter 108 and secondary filter 110 and vent 104.

It should be noted that exemplary embodiments of a sterilizing agent include any substance that provides for the destruction or elimination of living organisms, which often include heat, steam, pressure, gas, plasma, irradiation, chemical compounds, and chemical vapor.

Exemplary embodiments of this process provide that the first sealed interface is separate from the second sealed interface. Additionally, failure of the second sealed interface is independent of the first sealed interface. For example, if the second sealed interface fails and leaks sterilizing steam during a sterilization cycle, the first sealed interface should remain intact and should not be affected by the failure of the second sealed interface.

Referring to FIG. 3a , a top view of an exemplary vent 104 is shown. Provided is a fenestrated surface with numerous openings that allow for the passage of a sterilizing agent, such as steam from sterilizing cabinet 100 during a sterilization cycle. It can be appreciated that FIG. 3a merely represents one embodiment of vent 104 and that exemplary embodiments of vent 104 include any arrangement of holes or openings that allow for the passage of a sterilizing agent.

FIG. 3b provides a top view of a filtering arrangement covering vent 104. Shown in FIG. 3b is the top portion of secondary filter 110, filter holder 106 with hinges 116 and pin 118. Exemplary embodiments of this arrangement provide for a silicon seal between filter holder 106 and primary filter 108, between filter holder 106 and secondary filter 110 and sterilizing cabinet 100. This seal serves two primary purposes. First, it forces all of the sterilizing agent that enters and exits the sterilizing cabinet 100 to pass through the filters. Second, it keeps extraneous materials from entering the sterilizing cabinet 100 through vents 104, which are covered by primary filter 108 and secondary filter 110.

It can be appreciated that exemplary embodiments of the sealed interface between the primary filter 108 and the sterilizing cabinet 100 includes both direct contact between primary filter 108 and sterilizing cabinet 100 as well as indirect contact between primary filter 108 and sterilizing cabinet 100 through the use of a sealing agent, such as caulk or an adhesive. Likewise, the sealed interface between the secondary filter and the primary filter 108 or filter holder 106 includes both direct contact between primary filter 108 or filter holder 106 as well as indirect contact through the use of a sealing agent, such as caulk or an adhesive.

Referring to FIG. 4, provided is a side view of the different elements and the type of movement allowed for filter holder 106 in exemplary embodiments of this invention. Shown in FIG. 4 is the outside face of sterilizing cabinet 100, vent 104, primary filter 108, secondary filter 110, hinge 116, filter holder 106 section 402 which secures primary filter 108, and filter holder 106 section 404 which secures secondary filter 110. In this exemplary embodiment sections 402 and 404 are able to rotate about hinge 116 and can be moved from the closed position (covering vent 104) to the open position (not covering vent 104) independent of each other. For instance section 404 can be moved to the open position while section 402 remains in the closed position. However, in order for section 402 to move to the open position, section 404 must also be in the open position since it overlays section 402. Also shown in FIG. 4 are holes 406 on section 402, section 404 and on sterilizing cabinet 100. When section 402 and 404 are in the closed position, the holes 406 line-up such that a pin 118 or locking key can be inserted through the holes 406. This prevents sections 402 and 404 from opening during a sterilization cycle or at any other time when opening would be undesirable.

In alternative exemplary embodiments sections 402 and 404 are maintained or locked in the closed position through the use of a clamp or latch. It can be appreciated that exemplary embodiments of these teachings provide for any mechanism that allows sections 402 and 404 of filter holder 106 to be maintained securely in the closed position and then opened when desired.

FIG. 5a provides a perspective view of an alternative arrangement of sterilizing cabinet 100 with vents 104 on the sides of the cabinet. In this embodiment filter holders 110 are located on the sides of sterilizing cabinet 100 with primary filter 108 and secondary filter 110. Also shown in FIG. 5a are hangers 502 from which filter holder 106, primary filter 108 and secondary filter 110 attach to sterilizing cabinet 100. It can be appreciated that exemplary embodiments of sterilizing cabinet 100 include vents 104, primary filter 108, secondary filter 110 and filter holder 106 on the side of sterilizing cabinet 100.

FIG. 5b shows a front facing view of vent 104 with filter holder 106 overlaying vent 104 on sterilizing cabinet 100. In this embodiment filter holder 106 is sized such its edges completely cover the portions surrounding vent 104. FIG. 5c shows primary filter 108 and filter holder 106 overlaying vent 104. Primary filter 106 as shown hangs from hangers 502 and attaches to filter holder 106 by clamps 504.

FIG. 5d shows secondary filter 110 in filter holder 106 overlaying primary filter 108 and vent 104. In this embodiment the portion of filter holder 106 which holds secondary filter 110 can be opened and closed through the use of hinged gasket 504 once pin 118 is removed from hole 406 maintaining the portion of filter holder 106 that holds secondary filter 110. This allows for secondary filter 110 to be removed from filter holder 106 while maintaining the position and seal of primary filter 108 over vent 104.

FIG. 6a provides a perspective view of an alternative sterilizing cabinet 100. Shown in FIG. 6a is sterilizing cabinet frame 112, bars 602 and hooks 604. In this embodiment there is no front side of sterilizing cabinet 100 in front of bars 602. FIG. 6b illustrates filter door 606 which contains primary filter 106. In exemplary embodiments filter door 606 covers the front opening of sterilizing cabinet 100 in FIG. 6a . Filter door 606 clamps onto sterilizing cabinet 100 with clamps 608. Bars 602 prevent the contents of sterilizing cabinet 100 (typically a tray containing instruments for sterilization) from ripping or breaking primary filter 108 and secondary filter 110.

FIG. 6c illustrates filter door 610 which attaches to filter door 606 and sterilizing cabinet 100 with the use of clamps 608. In this embodiment it can be appreciated that clamps 608 on filter door 610 fit into the spacing between clamps 608 on filter door 606. This arrangement prevents the clamps 608 from filter door 606 from interfering with clamps 608 from filter door 610. Additionally, since filter door 610 is attached independently from filter door 606, secondary filter 110 can be removed with filter door 610 after a sterilization cycle has completed without disturbing filter door's 606 seal with sterilizing cabinet 100. In this embodiment filter door 606 forms a seal with sterilizing cabinet 100 at the edges of the open portion of the sterilizing cabinet frame 112, such that any sterilizing steam that enters or exits sterilizing cabinet 100 during a sterilization cycle must pass through filter door 606 and primary filter 106. Likewise, filter door 610 forms a seal with filter door 606 such that any sterilizing steam that exits sterilizing cabinet 100 and primary filter 108 must pass through filter door 610 and secondary filter 110.

FIG. 7 depicts a perspective view of the construction of the alternative arrangement sterilizing cabinet 100 from FIGS. 6a, 6b and 6c . As shown filter door 606 with clamps 608 attach around the frame of sterilizing cabinet 100. Primary filter 108 is placed on top of filter door 606 and attaches to sterilizing cabinet 100 at hooks 604. Secondary filter 110 is placed on top of primary filter 108 and also attaches to sterilizing cabinet 100 at hooks 604. Filter door 610 is then placed on top of secondary filter 110 and attached to sterilizing cabinet 100 with clamps 608. As illustrated in FIG. 7, exemplary embodiments of filter doors 606 and 608 which contain numerous holes or openings along their surface, which allow for the passage of sterilizing steam.

Referring to FIGS. 8a, 8b and 8c , provided are different views of a spacer 802 for use in exemplary embodiments of sterilizing cabinet 100. In this embodiment spacer 802 has a wire frame and is sized such that when it is placed inside sterilizing cabinet 100 it does not move. The length and width of spacer 802 closely matches the dimensions (i.e., the depth and width) of the inside of sterilizing cabinet 100. This prevents spacer 802 from sliding or moving inside sterilizing cabinet 100 during a sterilization cycle or while sterilizing cabinet 100 is being moved. It should be appreciated that spacer 802 is shaped such that there are dividers or lips 804 along the edges of spacer 802 and at spacer's 802 midsection. The dividers or lips 804 are illustrated most clearly in FIGS. 8b and 8c . In practice, sterilizing trays can be placed on top of spacer 802 prior to a sterilization cycle. In order to ensure that all of the contents of sterilizing cabinet 100 are sterilized, it is advantageous to prevent sterilizing trays from touching. This can obscure portions of the sterilizing trays or their contents from the sterilizing steam. As such, the dividers or lips 804 provide a physical barrier between sterilizing trays creating a minimum separation between the trays. This allows the passage sterilizing steam during a sterilization cycle throughout sterilizing cabinet 100.

FIGS. 9a, 9b and 9c illustrate an alternative spacer 902 for use inside exemplary embodiments of sterilizing cabinet 100. In this embodiment spacer 902 is made of thin sheets (e.g., metal or aluminum alloys) with holes 906 throughout the length of the sheets. In this embodiment spacer 902 is sized such that when it is placed inside sterilizing cabinet 100 it does not move. The length and width of spacer 902 closely matches the dimensions (i.e., the depth and width) of the inside of sterilizing cabinet 100. This prevents spacer 902 from sliding or moving inside sterilizing cabinet 100 during a sterilization cycle or while sterilizing cabinet 100 is being moved. Spacer 902 is shaped such that there are dividers or lips 904 along the edges of spacer 902 and throughout spacer's 902 mid-section. The dividers or lips 904 can be viewed most clearly in FIGS. 9b and 9c . In practice, sterilizing trays can be placed on top of spacer 902 prior to a sterilization cycle. In order to ensure that all of the contents of sterilizing cabinet 100 are sterilized, it is advantageous to prevent sterilizing trays from touching. This can obscure portions of the sterilizing trays or their contents from the sterilizing steam. As such, the dividers or lips 904 provide a physical barrier between sterilizing trays creating a minimum separation between the trays. This allows the passage sterilizing steam during a sterilization cycle throughout sterilizing cabinet 100. Holes 906 encompasses any variation of openings that allow for the passage of sterilizing steam during a sterilization cycle yet maintaining structural integrity of spacer 902 to carry the weight of the sterilizing trays and their contents.

Exemplary embodiments of spacers 802 and 902 provide for the spacer to be fenestrated. In another exemplary embodiment spacers 802 and 902 are not reusable but are disposable and can only be sterilized once. In another exemplary embodiment spacers 802 and 902 provide vertical spacing between trays by at least 0.1 to 5 inches.

FIG. 10 provides an exemplary embodiment of a sterilizing tray for practicing exemplary embodiments of this disclosure. For the purposes of this disclosure, the terms tray and pan are interchangeable and refer to an instrument with a closed rigid bottom and sides and an open top. Illustrated in FIG. 10 is sterilizing tray 1000 with an open top and a closed rigid bottom and sides. Sterilizing tray 1000 can be made of any material that can be sterilized (sterilizable) and is rigid enough such that it can hold items to be sterilized. For example sterilizing tray 1000 can be made of metals or aluminum alloys. Exemplary embodiments of sterilizing tray 1000 provide for a tray that has dimensions that make it suitable for use with spacers 802 and 902 and sterilizing cabinet 100. Exemplary embodiments of sterilizing tray 1000 also includes trays with holes, slits, fenestrations or other openings that allow for the passage of a sterilizing agent during a sterilization cycle.

In an exemplary embodiment in accordance of the present disclosure, spacers 802 or 902 can be used in conjunction with sterilizing cabinet 100 and one or more sterilizing trays 1000 during a sterilization cycle. In this embodiment the one or more sterilizing trays 1000 are of the shape and size so that they can be retained within sterilizing cabinet 100 and fit between the dividers 904 in spacers 902.

In practice, as shown in FIG. 11, a first tray is placed in sterilizing cabinet 100 on a spacer 902. On top of the first tray 1000 spacer 902 is then placed. Next, a second tray 1000 is placed in sterilizing cabinet 100 on top of spacer 902. The spacer 902 vertically separates the first tray 1000 from the second tray 1000 in sterilizing cabinet 100. Spacer 902 also inhibits lateral displacement of the first and second tray 1000 through the use of the dividers and lips 904. The spacers 902 play the important role of allowing sterilizing steam to pass between the sterilizing trays 1000 during a sterilization cycle. It can be appreciated that exemplary embodiments include the addition of more sterilizing trays 1000 and spacers 902 arranged in accordance with the first and second sterilizing trays described.

Exemplary embodiments of these teachings also provide for a sterilizable pan assembly for sterilization within sterilizing cabinet 100. The sterilizable pan assembly as shown in FIG. 12 illustrates a first sterilizable pan 1202 with an open top and a closed bottom. Protruding from the bottom of the first sterilizable pan 1202 are four legs 1204. These legs are configured to releaseably attach to a portion of a second sterilizable pan 1206. Legs 1204 when attached to the second sterilizable pan 1206 maintain a vertical spacing between the bottom of the first sterilizable pan 1202 and the top of the second sterilizable pan 1206. In one exemplary embodiment the vertical spacing is at least 0.1 to 5 inches. In another exemplary embodiment, the vertical spacing is such that it allows for the passage of a sterilizing steam from a sterilization cycle of sterilizing cabinet 100. Exemplary embodiments of this pan assembly are configured such that they can be used within sterilizing cabinet 100 during a sterilization cycle.

Referring to FIG. 13a , provided is an exemplary embodiment of a filter suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this disclosure. Shown in FIG. 13a is filter 1302 with a beaded edge 1304. Filter 1302 can be made of any type of porous paper or cellulose type material. In other embodiments, filter 1302 is made of polymeric substances, such as polypropylene. Filter 1302 is required to be both porous and dense enough to allow the passage of a sterilizing agent, such as steam, through its membrane, but also resilient enough to not rip or tear during a sterilizing cycle or during insertion/clamping into a filter holder. In another embodiment, filter 1302 is both porous and less resilient such that filter 1302 can be ripped or torn during use in a sterilizing cycle or with filter holder 106. The beaded edge 1304 creates a raised portion along the edges of the filter 1302 as shown in FIG. 13b . This enables filter 1302 to create a sealed interface when used with sterilizing cabinet 100 and filter holder 106 over vents 104. In an alternative embodiment, beaded edge 1304 is placed inside the edge of filter 1302 rather than on the edge of filter 1302 such that there is a space between the edge of filter 1302 and beaded edge 1304.

Exemplary embodiments of filter 1302 provide for filter 1302 to have different densities along given cross-sections of the face of filter 1302. For instance, filter 1302 may have a higher density along its periphery and a lower density towards its center. Exemplary embodiments of filter 1302 also provide for filter 1302 to have different thicknesses throughout its cross-section. The different thicknesses of filter 1302 provide different lengths of travel for sterilizing agents, which pass through filter 1302.

Exemplary embodiments of filter 1302 have a length and width that corresponds to the size of vents 104 of sterilizing cabinet 100 and filter holder 106. Additionally, the thickness of beaded edge 1304 corresponds to a size that is able to fit between sterilizing cabinet 100 and filter holder 106 or between the different sections of filter holder 106. The thickness of beaded edge 1304 is also such that the sealed interface between sterilizing cabinet 100 and filter holder 106 or between the different sections of filter holder 106 prevents extraneous materials from entering sterilizing cabinet 100 and forces all of the sterilizing agent that enters and exits sterilizing cabinet 100 to pass through filter 1302.

The beaded edge 1304 can be made of a silicone based material or any other material that can create a sealed interface between sterilizing cabinet 100 or filter holder 106 and filter 1302. The beaded edge 1304 also is required to be able to withstand high temperatures in excess of 275 degrees without compromising its structural or chemical integrity. Exemplary embodiments of filter 1502 have a length and width that corresponds to the size of vents 104 of sterilizing cabinet 100 and filter holder 106.

FIG. 14a provides an alternative exemplary embodiment of a filter suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of this disclosure. Shown in FIG. 14a is filter 1402 with folded edge 1404. Filter 1402 can be made of any type of porous paper or cellulose type material. In other embodiments filter 1402 is made of polymeric substances, such as polypropylene. Filter 1402 is required to be porous enough to allow the passage of a sterilizing agent, such as steam through its membrane, but also resilient enough to not rip or tear during a sterilizing cycle or during insertion/clamping into a filter holder 106. In another embodiment filter 1402 is both porous and less resilient such that filter 1402 can be ripped or torn during use in a sterilizing cycle or with filter holder 106.

The folded edge 1404 is created by the edges of filter 1402 folded onto itself thereby creating a thicker membrane along the edges of filter 1402 as shown in FIG. 14b . The thicker membrane of folded edge 1404 provides for a better-sealed interface between sterilizing cabinet 100 and filter holder 106 as there is less likelihood that spaces can be created between filter 1402 and sterilizing cabinet 100 which would allow for the passage of sterilizing steam or extraneous materials. Exemplary embodiments of filter 1402 have a length and width that corresponds to the size of vents 104 of sterilizing cabinet 100 and filter holder 106.

Additionally, the thickness of folded edge 1404 corresponds to a size that is able to fit between sterilizing cabinet 100 and filter holder 106 or between the different sections of filter holder 106. The thickness of edge 1404 is also such that the sealed interface between sterilizing cabinet 100 and filter holder 106 or between the different sections of filter holder 106 prevents extraneous materials from entering sterilizing cabinet 100 and forces all of the sterilizing agent that enters and exits sterilizing cabinet 100 to pass through filter 1402.

Referring to FIG. 15a , provided is another exemplary embodiment of a filter suitable for use in exemplary embodiments of this disclosure. Shown in FIG. 15a is filter 1502, filter edge 1504 and filter center 1506. Filter 1502 can be made of any type of porous paper or cellulose type material. In other embodiments filter 1502 is made of polymeric substances, such as polypropylene. Filter 1502 is required to be porous enough to allow the passage of a sterilizing agent, such as steam through its membrane, but also resilient enough to not rip or tear during a sterilizing cycle or during insertion/clamping into a filter holder 106. In another embodiment filter 1502 is both porous and less resilient such that filter 1502 can be ripped or torn during use in a sterilizing cycle or with filter holder 106.

Filter edge 1504 provides for a thicker portion of filter 1502 as shown in FIG. 15b . The thickness of filter edge 1504 enables filter 1502 to make a better compressed sealed interface with sterilizing cabinet 100 and filter holder 106. Exemplary embodiments of filter 1502 have a length and width that corresponds to the size of vents 104 of sterilizing cabinet 100 and filter holder 106. Additionally, the thickness of edge 1504 corresponds to a size that is able to fit between sterilizing cabinet 100 and filter holder 106 or between the different sections of filter holder 106. The thickness of edge 1504 is also such that the sealed interface between sterilizing cabinet 100 and filter holder 106 or between the different sections of filter holder 106 prevents extraneous materials from entering sterilizing cabinet 100 and forces all of the sterilizing agent that exits sterilizing cabinet 100 to pass through center 1506 of filter 1502.

Center 1506 of filter 1502 includes all of the area of filter 1502 other than edge 1504 that is of normal or customary thickness for a filter that allows the passage of sterilizing steam, but prevents the passage of other extraneous materials.

Further exemplary embodiments according to this disclosure include the following embodiments below. Embodiment 1: A sterilizing assembly, comprising: (a) a sterilizing cabinet; (b) a first tray and a second tray sized to be retained within the cabinet; and (c) at least one removable spacer intermediate the first tray and the second tray, the spacer being sterilizable and vertically separating the first tray and the second tray by a given height, the spacer inhibiting lateral displacement of the first tray relative to the second tray, wherein the given height is sufficient to permit a passage of a sufficient quantity of a sterilizing agent between the first tray and the second tray for a predetermined time.

Embodiment 2: The sterilizing assembly according to embodiment 1, wherein the at least one removable spacer is fenestrated.

Embodiment 3: The sterilizing assembly according to embodiment 1, further comprising a second removable spacer, the second removable spacer being sterilizable and located intermediate to one of the first tray and the second tray and the sterilizing cabinet.

Embodiment 4: The sterilizing assembly according to embodiment 1, wherein the given height is at least 0.1 inches.

Embodiment 5: The sterilizing assembly according to embodiment 1, wherein the given height is sufficient to permit passage of a sterilizing agent.

Embodiment 6: The sterilizing assembly according to embodiment 1, wherein the at least one removable spacer includes a shaped wire.

Embodiment 7: The sterilizing assembly according to embodiment 1, wherein the first tray defines an open top and the at least on removable spacer is sized to span the open top.

Embodiment 8: The sterilizing assembly according to embodiment 1, wherein the first tray is free of a lid.

Embodiment 9: The sterilizing assembly according to embodiment 1, wherein the at least one removable spacer and the second removable spacer are sterilizable only once.

Embodiment 10: A method of loading a sterilizing cabinet, the method comprising: (a) loading a sterilizable first pan and a sterilizable second pan within the sterilizing cabinet; and (b) placing a removable and sterilizable spacer between the first pan and the second pan, the spacer (i) providing at least one of a predetermined vertical spacing between the first pan and the second pan and (ii) inhibiting horizontal displacement of the first pan relative to the second pan.

Embodiment 11: The method according to embodiment 10, wherein at least one of the first pan and the second pan is lid free.

Embodiment 12: The method according to embodiment 10, wherein the vertical spacing is sufficient to permit passage of a sterilizing agent.

Embodiment 13: The method according to embodiment 10, wherein the predetermined vertical spacing is at least 0.1 inches.

Embodiment 14: The method according to embodiment 10, further comprising loading a sterilizable third pan and a sterilizable fourth pan within the sterilizing cabinet and placing a second sterilizable spacer to individually vertically space the sterilizable second pan relative to the sterilizable third pan and placing a third sterilizable spacer to individually vertically space the sterilizable third pan relative to the fourth pan independent of the first pan and the second pan.

Embodiment 15: The method according to embodiment 10, wherein the sterilizable spacer between the first pan and the second pan provides a predetermined vertical spacing between the first pan and the second pan.

Embodiment 16: A method of sterilizing, the method comprising: (a) loading a tray retaining a surgical instrument in a sterilization cabinet; (b) sealing a primary filter relative to a vent port in the sterilization cabinet; (c) sealing a secondary filter relative to the vent port and independent of the primary filter; and (d) passing a sterilizing agent through the secondary filter and the primary filter. For the purposes of this disclosure surgical instruments includes implantable materials or devices as well as instruments used for conducting surgeries and medical procedures.

Embodiment 17: The method according to embodiment 16, further comprising removing the secondary filter to retain the sealed primary filter and sterilization cabinet.

Embodiment 18: A sterilizable pan assembly, comprising: (a) a first sterilizable pan having an open top, a closed bottom and a pair of projecting spacer legs; and (b) a second sterilizable pan having an open top and a closed bottom, (c) the spacer legs configured to releasably engage a portion of the second pan and maintain a predetermined vertical spacing between the bottom of the first pan and the top of the second pan.

Embodiment 19: The sterilizable pan assembly according to embodiment 18, wherein the predetermined vertical spacing between the bottom of the first pan and the top of the second pan is at least 0.1 inches.

Embodiment 20: The sterilizable pan assembly according to embodiment 18, wherein the predetermined vertical spacing between the bottom of the first pan and the top of the second pan is sufficient to permit passage of a sterilizing agent.

Embodiment 21: A filtering assembly, comprising: (a) a primary filter holding portion for holding a primary filter for overlying a vent port and forming a sealed interface with a sterilizing cabinet; and (b) a secondary filter holding portion for holding a secondary filter, moveably attached to the primary filter holding portion for overlying the primary filter holding portion and forming a sealed interface with the primary filter holding portion.

Embodiment 22: The filtering assembly according to embodiment 21, wherein the primary filter and the secondary filter are different colors.

Embodiment 23: The filtering assembly according to embodiment 21, wherein the primary filter holding portion and the secondary filter holder portion are hingedly attached.

Embodiment 24: The filtering assembly according to embodiment 21, wherein the secondary filter and the primary filter are coextensive.

Embodiment 25: The filtering assembly according to embodiment 21, wherein the secondary filter and the primary filter have different filter properties.

Embodiment 26: The filtering assembly according to embodiment 21, wherein the secondary filter and the primary filter have similar filter properties.

Embodiment 27: A filter comprising: (a) a center portion of porous material with a predetermined density; and (b) an edge portion of porous material.

Embodiment 28: The filter according to embodiment 27, wherein the edge portion further comprises raised silicone beads.

Embodiment 29: The filter according to embodiment 27, wherein the edge portion is thicker than the center portion.

Embodiment 30: The filter according to embodiment 27, wherein the edge portion comprises at least two layers of folded material.

Embodiment 31: The filter according to embodiment 27, wherein the predetermined density of the center portion allows for passage of a sterilizing agent through the center portion and prevents passage of non-gaseous agents. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A sterilizing cabinet assembly, comprising: (a) a cabinet having an access port; (b) a door connected to the cabinet, the door moveable between an open position permitting passage through the access port to an interior of the cabinet and a closed position precluding passage through the access port; (c) at least one of the cabinet and the door having a vent port; (d) a primary filter overlying the vent port and forming a sealed interface with an adjacent portion of the one of the cabinet and the door; (e) a secondary filter overlying at least a portion of the primary filter; and (f) a filter holder moveable between an open position and a closed position and configured to hold the primary and secondary filters, the filter holder having a first filter holder section overlying the primary filter and a second filter holder section overlying the secondary filter, wherein the secondary filter is separable from the filter holder and the primary filter when the second filter holder section is in the open position, while maintaining the sealed interface between the primary filter and the adjacent portion of the one of the cabinet and the door.
 2. The sterilizing cabinet assembly according to claim 1, wherein the secondary filter forms a sealed periphery with one of the primary filter, the cabinet and the door.
 3. The sterilizing cabinet assembly according to claim 1, wherein the sealed interface between the primary filter and the adjacent portion of the one of the cabinet and the door is independent of an interface between the secondary filter and the primary filter.
 4. The sterilizing cabinet assembly according to claim 1, further comprising a sterilization indicator on one of the primary filter and the secondary filter.
 5. The sterilizing cabinet assembly according to claim 1, wherein the secondary filter and the primary filter are coextensive.
 6. The sterilizing cabinet assembly according to claim 1, wherein the secondary filter and the primary filter are outflow filters having different filter properties.
 7. The sterilizing cabinet assembly according to claim 1, wherein the secondary filter and the primary filter are outflow filters having similar filter properties.
 8. The sterilizing cabinet assembly according to claim 1, wherein the door is removable.
 9. The sterilizing cabinet assembly according to claim 8, wherein the removable door can be replaced.
 10. The sterilizing cabinet assembly according to claim 1, wherein the vent port is on the door.
 11. The sterilizing cabinet assembly according to claim 1, wherein the second filter holder section is moveable into an open position independent of the first filter holder section.
 12. The sterilizing cabinet assembly according to claim 1, wherein the filter holder includes a pivot, and wherein the first filter holder section and the second filter holder section separately rotate about the pivot.
 13. A method for placing filters, the method comprising: (a) disposing a primary filter within a filter holder and overlaying a first filter section on the primary filter, the filter holder configured to hold the primary filter and a confirmatory filter to occlude a vent port of a sterilizing cabinet forming a first sealed interface with the sterilizing cabinet; (b) disposing the confirmatory filter within the filter holder; (c) overlaying a second filter holder section on the confirmatory filter; (d) forming a second sealed interface between the confirmatory filter and at least a portion of one of the sterilizing cabinet and the primary filter, a portion of the confirmatory filter overlying a portion of the primary filter; (e) passing a sterilizing agent through the primary filter and the confirmatory filter during a sterilization cycle; (f) opening the second filter holder section; (g) removing the confirmatory filter from the filter holder after the sterilization cycle; and (h) maintaining the first sealed interface with the sterilizing cabinet while removing the confirmatory filter.
 14. The method according to claim 13, further comprising visually inspecting the removed confirmatory filter.
 15. The method according to claim 13, wherein the primary filter and the confirmatory filter are the same type of filters.
 16. The method according to claim 13, wherein the primary filter and the confirmatory filter are different.
 17. The method according to claim 13, wherein the first sealed interface is separate from the second sealed interface.
 18. The method according to claim 13, wherein the failure of the second sealed interface is independent of the first sealed interface.
 19. The method according to claim 13, wherein the primary filter and the confirmatory filter are coextensive.
 20. A method for verifying sterilization, the method comprising: (a) performing a sterilization cycle in a sterilizing device having a filter holder including a first filter holder section and a second filter holder section, the first filter holder section overlying a primary filter and the second filter holder section overlying the secondary filter, the first filter holder section, and the primary filter; (b) opening the second filter holder section; (d) removing from a filter holder the secondary filter, the secondary filter having a second sealed interface with the primary filter from the sterilizing device such that the primary filter maintains a sealed interface with a vent port of the sterilizing device; and (c) examining the secondary filter to verify the integrity of the sterilization cycle in the sterilizing device.
 21. The method according to claim 20, wherein the sterilization cycle comprises passing a sterilizing agent through the sterilizing device and the primary filter and the secondary filter.
 22. The method according to claim 20, wherein the primary filter and the secondary filter are coextensive.
 23. The method according to claim 20, wherein the primary filter and the secondary filter have different filter properties.
 24. The method according to claim 20, wherein the primary filter and the secondary filter have similar filter properties. 